Understanding Cavities at the Gumline
Cavities at the gumline occur when a portion of the tooth is decayed and becomes damaged. Over 90% of adults have had at least one cavity in their life. Understanding these types of cavities can help you avoid cavities at the gumline and keep your smile strong.
In this article, we will break down what cavities at the gumline are and how to avoid them. We will also go over the stages of cavities and how they grow.
Table of Contents
Cavities Near the Gum Line
Cavities near the gum line can occur for a number of reasons. Common causes of cavities at the gumline are poor brushing, poor diet, and weakened enamel. The good thing is these types of cavities can be avoided and prevented through good oral hygiene.
Signs of Cavities at the Gumline
Common signs of cavities at the gumline include:
- Areas of chalky white, brown, or yellow tooth discoloration near the gums
- Pits or holes on the tooth that slowly grows over time
- Tooth sensitivity to hot or cold temperatures that slowly dissipates
- Discomfort when eating or drinking items that are sugary or acidic
- Spontaneous discomfort or pain without any cause for it
For more information, check out our The Signs of Cavities article.
What Causes Cavities at the Gumline
Cavities at the gumline are caused by bacteria and the acid they produce. When plaque builds up on the tooth’s surface, bacteria will break down the enamel and cause decay. Common causes of cavities at the gumline are:
- High Sugar Diet: Bacteria in the mouth consume sugar and produce acid on the teeth. Sugary beverages easily splash on the tooth’s surface weakening the enamel.
- Dry Mouth: Saliva contains minerals that help neutralize bacteria and acid. A dry mouth increases bacteria’s activity and potential damage.
- Acid Reflux: The stomach naturally produces acid to help break down our food and support digestion. When acid works its way up to the mouth, erosion on the teeth will occur weakening enamel and causing cavities at the gumline.
- Poor Oral Health: The gumline is a common area to miss when brushing. Leaving food, plaque, and bacteria on the tooth will weaken the enamel and eventually lead to a cavity.
For more common causes of cavities at the gumline, check out our article Front Teeth Cavities.
The Stages of Cavities at the Gumline
Incipient Decay
Demineralization of the enamel is the initial stage of cavities at the gumline called incipient decay. This is when the cavities are just starting to form in the outer layer of the tooth. At this stage, there is a chance of remineralizing to stop the cavity progression.
Enamel Decay
At this point, the infected portion is mostly through the enamel or the outermost layer of the tooth. The cavity can be a yellow or brown discoloration. The cavity at the gumline will need to be treated but may not need any anesthesia at the dentist.
Dentin Decay
The cavities at the gumline have now reached the second layer of the tooth, the dentin. The cavity can spread faster through this layer because it is softer than enamel. More sensitivity can happen at this stage.
Pulpitis
The pulp is the home of the nerve and blood vessels. During this time, the infected portion of the tooth has reached the innermost layer. Pain is most likely present and the pressure from the infection can cause increased sensitivity.
Abscess
The infection has spread all the way down to the root, causing severe pain that can radiate into the jaw. An antibiotic is most likely needed. A root canal or extracting the tooth is the best treatment plan to resolve the infection. It is important to see a dentist at this stage because it can be life-threatening.
The Dangers of Cavities at the Gumline
Enamel is the outer shell of the crown of the tooth. It is the hardest substance in the body and protects the tooth from bacteria and acid. Under the gums is the root that doesn’t have an enamel layer. Being near the root, cavities at the gumline can spread fast and become bigger.
Cavities near the gum line can grow fast and lead to pain and possibly an infection. If the cavity at the gumline is ignored, then the tooth will continue to break down until it will need to be extracted.
How to Prevent Cavities at the Gumline
Cavities at the gumline can be prevented with a good oral hygiene routine. Having a well-established homecare routine will help avoid cavities and keep your smile strong.
- Brush 2 times a day for 2 minutes. Hold the toothbrush at a 45-degree angle and use gentle strokes toward the gumline.
- Check out our Electric Toothbrush Benefits for more brushing tips.
- Drink sugary and acidic beverages through a straw to bypass the teeth and prevent splashing on the tooth’s structure.
- When drinking acidic or sugary beverages, alternate sips of water to help neutralize the mouth.
- Drink water throughout the day to clean off the teeth.
- Avoid mints and lozenges with sugar in them. Never pocket it in the cheek along the gums.
More information on reducing your cavities near the gum line risk is in our Healthy Smile Guide. Foods that support your smile can be found in our Dental Nutrition Guide.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can a cavity near the gumline be fixed?
Cavities at the gumline can absolutely be fixed. Having a cavity near the gumline or anywhere else on the tooth is fixed with similar techniques.
Do gumline fillings hurt?
Depending on the size of the cavities, your dentist and dental assistant will make sure you’re numb for the procedure. This will ensure you are comfortable for the whole appointment.
Take Home Smile Store
Visit our Take Home Smile store for educational brochures and other fun printables to help with oral hygiene. All products can be customized to fit your dental needs.
